{"id":85988,"date":"2022-09-26T11:56:11","date_gmt":"2022-09-26T16:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/?p=85988"},"modified":"2022-09-26T11:56:24","modified_gmt":"2022-09-26T16:56:24","slug":"85988","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/?p=85988","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.printfriendly.com\/p\/g\/uRfsyR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2A Reality isn&#8217;t &#8220;falsehood,&#8221; no matter how much you scream<\/a><\/p>\n<section class=\"post-body pf-candidate\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\">\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">The text of the Second Amendment is, all in all, surprisingly clear for a bit of law. The same can be said for most of the Bill of Rights, of course, but the Second is particularly important, and it\u2019s the reality of that we need to talk about. After all, few disagree that people have the right to assemble, worship as they please, or petition the government. The idea that people should be protected from unreasonable search or seizure is also pretty well agreed upon.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"thm-piano-mop-premium pf-candidate\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\">\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">But there is this weird perception of the Second Amendment that simply doesn\u2019t conform to anything real.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">You see, there are still those who think the individual right to keep and bear arms is a modern invention and call any claim to the contrary a fabrication.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/opinion\/education\/3658793-countering-the-gun-lobbys-firehose-of-falsehood\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">Like this dipstick from The Hill<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\">\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">The gun lobby\u2019s triumphs have been due in large part to two coordinated and well-funded disinformation campaigns. The first was designed to revise legal scholarship around the Second Amendment and the second flooded Americans with false information about the benefits of firearms. These campaigns use what is called a \u201cfirehose of falsehood\u201d strategy, a type of disinformation campaign that is challenging to counteract and has four\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/pubs\/perspectives\/PE198.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">foundational features<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\">\n<li data-pf_style_display=\"list-item\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">It is high-volume and multichannel<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-pf_style_display=\"list-item\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">It is rapid, continuous and repetitive<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-pf_style_display=\"list-item\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">It lacks a commitment to objective reality<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-pf_style_display=\"list-item\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">It lacks a commitment to consistency<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">The first firehose deployed by the gun lobby was intended to change the interpretation of the Second Amendment itself. The\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.brennancenter.org\/our-work\/research-reports\/second-amendment-biography#:~:text=Michael%20Waldman%2C%20president%20of%20the,of%20the%20Bill%20of%20Rights.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">book<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">, \u201cThe Second Amendment: A Biography,\u201d found that before 1960, every law review article on the Second Amendment rejected the \u201cindividual rights\u201d interpretation touted by the gun lobby, which was trying to claim that the Second Amendment should be applied to an individual, not just to a group (such as a militia).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">And?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><strong><span class=\"text-node\">What? I\u2019m supposed to be moved that law review articles\u2013which are authoritative in many ways, but are\u00a0<\/span><em data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">not<\/span><\/em><span class=\"text-node\">\u00a0how we are governed, nor should they be\u2013found something that makes absolutely no sense?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">See, the author is trying to use law review articles and a review of them to deflect from some very simple facts that don\u2019t require legal expertise.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">First, there\u2019s the fact that the Second Amendment plainly says, \u201cthe people\u2019s right to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">Nowhere else in the Constitution is \u201cthe people\u201d taken to mean the right is collective, rather than individual. There\u2019s no understanding that the Fourth Amendment only applies to society as a whole rather than you as an individual.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">So why would that suddenly change in the Second Amendment and not before or afterward in the Bill of Rights?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">Second, what law reviews say is less than meaningless in this discussion because what ultimately matters is what the Founding Fathers intended, not what some lawyers decades or centuries later thought.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">From the Founding Fathers\u2019 own quotes, it was clear they intended gun rights to be individual rights. The Buckeye Firearms Association has\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buckeyefirearms.org\/gun-quotations-founding-fathers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">a nice collection of those quotes<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">. Here are a few highlights:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\">\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">\u201cNo free man shall ever be debarred the use of arms.\u201d<\/span><br data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\" \/><span class=\"text-node\">\u2013 Thomas Jefferson, Virginia Constitution, Draft 1, 1776<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">\u201cTo disarm the people\u2026[i]s the most effectual way to enslave them.\u201d<\/span><br data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\" \/><span class=\"text-node\">\u2013 George Mason, referencing advice given to the British Parliament by Pennsylvania governor Sir William Keith,\u00a0<\/span><em data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">The Debates in the Several State Conventions on the Adooption of the Federal Constitution<\/span><\/em><span class=\"text-node\">, June 14, 1788<\/span><span class=\"text-node\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">\u201cBefore a standing army can rule, the people must be disarmed, as they are in almost every country in Europe. The supreme power in America cannot enforce unjust laws by the sword; because the whole body of the people are armed, and constitute a force superior to any band of regular troops.\u201d<\/span><br data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\" \/><span class=\"text-node\">\u2013 Noah Webster,\u00a0<\/span><em data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">An Examination of the Leading Principles of the Federal Constitution<\/span><\/em><span class=\"text-node\">, October 10, 1787<\/span><span class=\"text-node\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">\u201cThe right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. A well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, trained to arms, is the best and most natural defense of a free country.\u201d<\/span><br data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\" \/><span class=\"text-node\">\u2013 James Madison,\u00a0<\/span><em data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">I Annals of Congress 434<\/span><\/em><span class=\"text-node\">, June 8, 1789<\/span><span class=\"text-node\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">\u201cThe Constitution shall never be construed to prevent the people of the United States who are peaceable citizens from keeping their own arms.\u201d<\/span><br data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\" \/><span class=\"text-node\">\u2013 Samuel Adams, Massachusetts Ratifying Convention, 1788<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">So it seems pretty clear that regardless of what some people wrote in various law reviews, the Founding Fathers saw the Second Amendment as an individual right.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">And really, why wouldn\u2019t it be?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">In what reality would the government need to preserve the right for the government to have guns? On the very surface, that makes no sense and no amount of law school is going to change that.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">Oh, but our author at The Hill was far from finished in distorting reality.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\">\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">The second firehose of falsehood strategy was designed to convince the public that firearms make people safer. The U.S. has a long history of gun ownership for hunting, but in the 1970s and 80s, the gun lobby\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/gunculture2point0.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/08\/yamane_ivory_yamane_the_rise_of_self-defense_in_gun_advertising.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">focus<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41599-020-0437-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">\u00a0shifted<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">\u00a0substantially to promoting guns for self-defense. When\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/aje\/article\/160\/10\/929\/140858\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">research<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">\u00a0funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention demonstrated that a firearm in the home substantially increased the risk of death, the gun lobby\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/1487470\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">successfully petitioned<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\"> their allies in Congress to threaten the CDC with massive funding cuts if such research continued. This greatly <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetrace.org\/2022\/05\/nra-lawsuit-california-study-gun-violence\/?utm_medium=social&amp;utm_source=twitter&amp;utm_campaign=trace-branded&amp;utm_content=edit-promo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">hampered<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">\u00a0the production of new research, as well as the dissemination of such research to the public.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">Except that the research was fundamentally flawed and would never have been tolerated on literally any other subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">We\u2019ve already seen a lot about\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bearingarms.com\/camedwards\/2022\/04\/03\/reason-video-on-why-gun-control-research-is-garbage-is-a-must-watch-n57054\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">how gun research is heavily biased<\/span><\/a><span class=\"text-node\">\u00a0toward the anti-gun side and how pro-gun results are routinely stifled.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node pf-delete\">And that\u2019s a gross misrepresentation of what happened. The CDC was always permitted to carry out whatever research it wanted. The threatened cuts to funding were from anti-gun\u00a0<\/span><em data-pf_style_display=\"inline\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">advocacy<\/span><\/em><span class=\"text-node\">. The fact that the CDC interpreted their research as advocacy is telling, of course, but only in so far as it revealed their own biases.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">The truth of the matter is that the \u201cfalsehoods\u201d the author seeks to debunk are nothing of the sort. He simply cannot fathom that reality refuses to conform to his own beliefs. Well, that\u2019s just how life is sometimes and he\u2019ll learn to deal with disappointment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">Or he won\u2019t and can be miserable for his entire life. I honestly don\u2019t care.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"added-to-list1\" data-pf_style_display=\"block\" data-pf_style_visibility=\"visible\"><span class=\"text-node\">But he should be aware that the only one peddling falsehoods here is him.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2A Reality isn&#8217;t &#8220;falsehood,&#8221; no matter how much you scream The text of the Second Amendment is, all in all, surprisingly clear for a bit of law. The same can be said for most of the Bill of Rights, of course, but the Second is particularly important, and it\u2019s the reality of that we need &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/?p=85988\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-85988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-deceit","category-rkba"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=85988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85989,"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85988\/revisions\/85989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=85988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=85988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milesfortis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=85988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}