July 10

988 – The Norse King Glúniairn recognises Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland, and agrees to pay taxes and accept Brehon Law; the event considered to be the founding of the city of Dublin.

1499 – The Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama.

1584 – William I of Orange is assassinated in his home in Delft, Holland, by Balthasar Gérard. This is the first noted use of a concealable – wheel lock- handgun to kill a political figure and is considered by many the event that influences the political class the most to move for gun control.

1778 –As their part as allies of the U.S.,  Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.

1832 – President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would recharter the Second Bank of the United States.

1850 – Millard Fillmore is sworn in as the 13th President, the day after President Zachary Taylor’s death.

1890 – Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state

1913– 134 degrees Fahrenheit, the hottest temperature ever reliably recorded, is reached at Death Valley, California

1925 – In Dayton, Tennessee, the so called “Monkey Trial” begins of John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.

1938 – Howard Hughes begins a 91 hour airplane flight around the world

1942 – An American pilot spots a downed, intact Mitsubishi A6M Zero on Akutan Island that the U.S. Navy uses to learn the aircraft’s flight characteristics.

1962 – Telstar is launched into orbit.

1985 – The Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is sunk in Auckland harbour, purportedly by French DGSE agents, resulting in 1 crewmember being killed.

1991 – L’Express Airlines Flight 508A, a Beechcraft C99, crashes near Birmingham Municipal Airport in Alabama, killing 13 of the 15 passengers on board.

1992 – In Federal Court held in Miami, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.

1998 –  The Catholic Church Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by a former priest.

2007 – Turkish American, Erden Eruç begins the first solo human powered circumnavigation of the world.

2019 – The last of the ‘original’ Volkswagen Beetles rolls off the line in Puebla, Mexico.