July 23

1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a victory over a moslem Aydinid emirate fleet off the Greek island of Chios

1632 – Three hundred colonists bound for New France (modern day eastern Canada) depart from Dieppe, France.

1829 – American inventor William Austin Burt patents the Typographer, an early form of  typewriter.

1892 – Tafari Makonnen, Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia is born in Ejersa Goro, Ethiopia

1914 – Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia, demanding they allow Austrians investigate the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand…..or else.

1926 – Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.

1940 – The U.S. State Department issues a declaration on the U.S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

1952 – General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement, formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser in overthrowing King Farouk of Egypt.

1961 – The rebel Sandinista National Liberation Front is founded in Nicaragua.

1962 – The communications satellite Telstar relays the first publicly transmitted, live trans-Atlantic television program, featuring Walter Cronkite.

1967 – In Detroit, a riot breaks out, beginning on 12th Street. 43 people are killed, 342 injured and 1,400 buildings are burned down.

1968 – In Cleveland, a violent shootout between the Black Nationalists of New Libya group and the police occurs, killing 3 people on each side and wounding over a dozen.

1972 – The Department of the Interior’s first satellite of the Landsat Earth-resources mission, is launched from Vandenburg Air Force Base.

1982 – Outside Santa Clarita, California, actor Vic Morrow and 2 children are killed when a helicopter crashes onto them while shooting a scene from Twilight Zone: The Movie.

1995 – Comet Hale–Bopp is discovered; it becomes visible to the naked eye on Earth nearly a year later.

1999 – Shuttle Columbia launches on STS-93, with Eileen Collins becoming the first female space shuttle commander.

2015 – NASA announces discovery of a giant exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler 452 in the constellation Cygnus, by the Kepler Space Telescope