May 10th.

1497 – Amerigo Vespucci leaves Cádiz, Spain for his first voyage to the New World.

1503 – Christopher Columbus visits the Cayman Islands and names them Las Tortugas after the numerous turtles there.

1773 – The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Tea Act, designed to save the British East India Company from bankruptcy, by reducing taxes on its tea and granting it the sole right to sell tea directly to North America. 7 months later, a group of colonists in Boston put on a Tea Party in the harbor in objection.

1775 – While the Second Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia,  Ethan Allen, his Green Mountain Boys, and other militia forces under the command of Benedict Arnold (yes, that Benedict Arnold) take Fort Ticonderoga, New York away from the British in early morning action.

1801 – After President Jefferson refuses to pay the tribute demanded by them, the Barbary pirates of the Ottoman province of Tripolitania declare war on the U.S.

1837 – New York City banks suspend the payment of specie (precious metal coin money), triggering a national banking crisis and an economic depression not surpassed until the Great Depression of the 1930s.

1849 –  A riot breaks out at the Astor Opera House in Manhattan, New York City over a dispute between actors Edwin Forrest and William Charles Macready, killing 22 people and injuring over 120 more.

1865 – In Spencer County, Kentucky, Union soldiers ambush and mortally wound Confederate partisan raider Captain William Quantrill, age 27, who lingers until dying on June 6, in Louisville.

1869 – The First Transcontinental Railroad, linking the eastern and western United States, is completed at Promontory Summit, Utah.

1876 – The Centennial Exposition is opened in Philadelphia.

1908 – Mother’s Day is observed for the first time in the U.S., in Grafton, West Virginia.

1920 – John Dean “Jeff” Cooper is born in Los Angeles, California

1924 – J. Edgar Hoover is appointed first Director of the Bureau of Investigation, remaining in office until his death in 1972.

1933 – In Germany, the Nazis stage massive public book burnings.

1940 – On the day that Germany invades France, Belgium and Luxembourg, Winston Churchill is appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after  Neville Chamberlain resigns.

1946 – Using the technical assistance of captured German scientists, the U.S. Army makes its first successful launch of an American V-2 rocket at White Sands Proving Ground.

1967 – Piloted by Bruce Peterson, the Northrop M2-F2 Lifting Body aircraft crashes on landing, becoming the inspiration for the Martin Caidin novel Cyborg and TV series, The Six Million Dollar Man.

1969 –The Battle of Dong Ap Bia during the Vietnam War begins with an assault on Hill 937 by troops of the U.S. Army’s 101st Airborne Division. It will ultimately become known as Hamburger Hill, becoming the inspiration for the movie of the same name.

1975 – Sony introduces the Betamax videocassette recorder.

2002 – FBI agent Robert Hanssen is sentenced to 15 consecutive terms of life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for selling United States secrets to Russia over a period of 22 years.

2005 – A hand grenade thrown by Vladimir Arutyunian lands about 60 feet from President Bush while he is giving a speech to a crowd in Tbilisi, Georgia, but it malfunctions and does not detonate.

2013 – One World Trade Center, the replacement for the destroyed World Trade Center complex in New York, is completed with its spire installed, to become the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere.

Massaging The Shooter Narrative

I was actually looking for some different information last night when I came across this article, but after scanning it quickly for what I WAS looking for, I had to save it for a chance to Fisk it later on.

The link goes to a New Orleans TV station WDSU, but the piece is identified in several places as straight out of the Associated Press feed, so I’m not going to crack on the station for this. They are merely the presentation vehicle.

The article is titled “Recent high-profile mass shootings in the United States” and what stopped me in my tracks wasn’t so much the litany of horror. That tears your heart out no matter when or where it happens or to whom or how.

No, what made me pause in the midst of that carnage was the verbiage. There’s a deliberate pattern in the recitation of evil that you can’t avoid, and it makes the underlying intent of the “reporting” all the more suspect for the very obviousness of what’s said and what isn’t.

Multiple innocent lives are gone – all taken by another human being (or beings) in every single case in this supposedly dispassionate register of tragedies. It’s what’s missing that gives one reason to carefully reread and see if you’ve missed something.

I’ll assure you now – you haven’t.

Continue reading “”

Looks like he got him both ‘coming and going’.

Homeowner shoots 60-year-old man attempting to break into home

Police Investigators say the 60-year-old intruder was trying to smash through a back window on North Marston Street.

PHILADELPHIA (WPVI) — Philadelphia police say a homeowner shot a man attempting to break into a residence in the city’s Brewerytown section.

The Action Cam was at the scene on the 1300 block of North Marston Street on Monday morning.

Investigators say the 60-year-old intruder was trying to smash through a back window around 4 a.m.

The homeowner shot him in the chest and backside.

The 60-year-old was taken to the hospital in stable condition.

He is expected to soon face charges.

Increased Risk of Serious Eye Problem After COVID-19 Vaccination: Study.

People who received a COVID-19 vaccine have an increased risk of a serious eye problem, according to a new study.

The risk of retinal vascular occlusion “increased significantly” after a first or second dose of the messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines, researchers reported in a study published by Nature.

Retinal vascular occlusion refers to the blockage of veins or vessels that carry blood to or from the retina. It can cause sudden vision loss.

Out of 207,626 Pfizer vaccine doses administered in the population that was studied, 226 cases of the eye problem were detected after two years. Among 97,918 Moderna vaccine doses administered, 220 cases were detected over the same time.

While some cases were detected among AstraZeneca recipients, the risk wasn’t statistically significant.

The risk of retinal vascular occlusion was 3.5 times for vaccinated people compared to an unvaccinated group after 12 weeks and 2.19 times higher after two years. An increased risk was found shortly after vaccination.

“We demonstrated a higher risk and incidence rate of retinal vascular occlusion following COVID-19 vaccination, after adjusting for potential confounding factors,” Chun-Ju Lin, an eye doctor, and other Taiwanese researchers reported in the study.

Patients on medications that could alter blood osmolarity should be especially aware of the risks identified in the study, although further research is needed to figure out whether COVID-19 vaccines actually cause the eye problem, the researchers said.

They drew data from TriNetX, a global network, and adjusted the results with a model that included excluding people with a history of retinal vascular occlusion.

Limitations include not confirming the accuracy of diagnoses listed in the system.

Lin, Pfizer, and Moderna didn’t respond to requests for comment.

Continue reading “”

Sure would be nice compared to some of the law school grads with crap-for-brains when it comes to civil rights, I’ve run across recently.

Shaping a better judiciary through firearms instruction in law schools

The dust from the Illinois “Assault Weapon” and “Large Capacity” magazine ban remains unsettled. As Cam wrote recently, the Seventh Circuit took actions to keep the bans in place while legal challenges continue. Frank Easterbrook, the judge whose decision kept the bans in place, was also in the anti-Rights majority in some other big Second Amendment cases from recent history, namely, McDonald v. Chicago and Friedman v. Highland Park.

There are many anti-Second Amendment judges out there, both liberal and nominally conservative, whose judicial musings are an academic version of, “I support the Second Amendment, BUT…,” while there aren’t many judges who would insist on protecting the Bill of Rights in the face of persistent political and media pressure. Two pro-Rights judges whose names come to mind are U.S. District Court Judge Stephen P. McGlynn (S.D. IL), and Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Lawrence VanDyke.

What sets these judges apart from your average anti-Second Amendment judges? Look no further than a transcript and an opinion from cases they have heard:

Judge McGlynn in Barnett v. Raoul:

THE COURT: […] So here’s a pistol with a protruding grip. Now suppose you have — many people who are called upon to defend themselves are elderly. They’re people who [have] disabilities. And suppose if they hold a pistol with one hand, because of early stages of Parkinson’s or something, they’re shaky. But with that, they’re able to stabilize it more and it makes it safer for them to use and more accurate for them to use. Would that not be a fair assessment, at least for someone that might be suffering with that disability?

MR. WELLS: So, Your Honor, I — with respect to — again, the particular features, we’re not here today because there are –

THE COURT: I’m here today because of that. I’m really looking at — it looks like all kinds of safety features are made illegal by this statute in an effort to make every possible gun that’s out there, most guns out there, get you tripped up on it. The thumb hole — I mean, the thumb stock, that doesn’t make the bullets any more lethal. It doesn’t make the gunfire any faster, but it makes it easier for the user to aim it and control the weapon, does it not?

The same could be said — you know, even the arm brace, you know, if you have an elderly person that wants to use the handgun, but again, maybe they have diabetic neuropathy […] the arm brace doesn’t make the gunfire any faster or the bullets impact at a higher velocity. […]

Judge VanDyke in Duncan v. Bonta:

Until only a few years ago, if you wanted a “micro-compact” firearm for self-defense (of the type that serves little or no military usage), you were generally limited to a six to eight-round magazine capacity. For example, the KelTec P3AT came with a six-round magazine, as did the Ruger LCP, Glock 43, Kimber Solo, and Walther PPK (of James Bond fame). […] Not too long ago, it was basically impossible to find a lightweight, micro-compact firearm even capable of holding 10 rounds in its magazine.

Then, in 2019, Sig Sauer released the P365, which took the self-defense market by storm because suddenly law- abiding citizens could have the same size micro-compact firearm, but now carrying 12 or 15 rounds in its magazine.

As evident from the above, these judges know and understand guns. They can see through the fallacies of these laws. This is a seeming rarity in the judiciary. I am willing to bet that if most judges opened their mouths to talk about guns in front of a camera, they would sound exactly like anti-Second Amendment legislators who, wallowing in their ignorance, blabber about “.30-caliber magazine clips” (archived), heat-seeking meat-cooking bullets (archived), one-time use magazines (archived), or “the shoulder thing that goes up.” (archived)

Law schools are pipelines into the judiciary. The less ignorance on firearms there is in the judiciary, the lower the chance of abusive laws surviving judicial review. The strategy of the firearms community, especially instructors, should include serious outreach to law school students. Advertise your (ideally free) services in law schools. Organize a group outing to the gun range for students. There are Federalist Society chapters in law schools around the country. Ask them for help with your outreach. (Shameless Plug: there’s more in my book.)

Rooting out gun ignorance is a long-term investment. Law school students are typically in their early 20s, and it may take them another 2–3 decades to get appointed to the judiciary. But the results will be there down the line.

Freedom takes hard work. If we all sit back and don’t put in the effort to nurture it, our children and grandchildren won’t have it. If you’re a firearms instructor reading this, please start outreach to law schools near you. If you’re not a firearms instructor, consider becoming one. Every student’s mind you fortify from ignorance is another safeguard for our liberty.

The Data and the Silence

A media pretty incurious as to the motives and manifesto of the Nashville shooter have rushed past the Atlanta shooter, who did not use an AR-15 and was black, so that the media can focus on the Hispanic shooter in Texas who loved Nazis. We’re back to white supremacy as the angle with an AR-15.

They never did go back to the motives and story of the 32 people shot at the birthday party in Alabama. We’re going to spend days on the Texas shooter, though. Though Hispanic, we learned there are white and black Hispanics after George Zimmerman. The intersectional dynamics are going to be thoroughly exhausted and explored.

Meanwhile, back in Atlanta, the shooter’s mother said the shooter struggled with mental health, and the VA system forced the shooter off medicine that worked for him and onto another one that did not because the one that worked was addictive. People died. We had to rush to the gun control conversation and moved on so quickly that we could not pause and question the VA.

It’s like the other current in “gun control” stories we often move past quickly. I asked ChatGPT a question about that issue we are required to ignore and ChatGPT even danced around it. Here’s the exchange:

Continue reading “”

Home invasion suspect in Murfreesboro killed by homeowner, another shot

MURFREESBORO, Tenn. — A suspect in a Murfreesboro home invasion is shot and killed by the homeowner.

The homeowner shot and killed one man in the home invasion on January Street Friday night, and shot a second suspect multiple times, according to Murfreesboro police. Kevin Ford, 52, is identified as the person who died at the scene.

Police found the second intruder, 42-year-old Clifford Wright, at the Salvation Army. He went to the hospital for treatment of his gunshot wounds, before heading to jail.

According to police, the homeowner was able to get his gun after the two masked men broke into his home, used a Taser on a his dog and held his teenage son at gunpoint.

The homeowner is not facing any charges.

Wright is in jail on $700,000 bond. He is facing charges of aggravated burglary, attempted aggravated robbery, convicted felon in possession of a firearm, and possession of a firearm during the commission of a violent felony.

Tyrants is as Tyrants does

The Next Step: Brazil’s New Left Wing Government Threatens to Seize Guns Civilians Didn’t Register.

We cannot let our guard down. Unfortunately, the situation is not easy.

With Lula in power, we left a dream of freedom to move to a unique and exclusive defense of jobs, of people who invested in the arms sector. We are now talking about bailing out jobs

Jonathan Schmidt just made the deadline, arriving at Federal Police headquarters in the center of Rio de Janeiro with a travel bag carrying a golden pistol and seven rifles, one peeking out of the zipper.

“I’m in love with guns,” said Schmidt. “I’d have over 2,000 if the government allowed.”

He had already registered his firearms with the army, as required by law for sport shooters like him, but experts have cast doubt on the reliability of its database, and said lax oversight has allowed such guns to fall into criminal hands. Schmidt was adding his guns to the police registry Wednesday on the final day to comply with a decree by Brazil’s new left-wing president — or face confiscation.

Over four years in office, former President Jair Bolsonaro tried to convert a country with few weapons into one where firearm ownership and lack of regulation meant personal freedom.

Now, his successor Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva has been moving to undo Bolsonaro’s pro-gun policies, and that started with requiring gun owners to register their weapons with police. After initial resistance, he started seeing success.

But more than 6,000 restricted-use guns previously registered with the army, and which include “assault rifles,” were not presented to police by the May 3 deadline, Justice Minister Flávio Dino told reporters Thursday. Those are likely to have been diverted to criminals, and are now targets for investigation and potential seizure, he said.

Continue reading “”

That’s 27

ICYMI: Governor Pillen Signs Constitutional Carry Bill Into Law

LINCOLN, NE – Governor Jim Pillen signed LB77 Constitutional Carry into Nebraska law. LB77 allows law-abiding Nebraskans who are 21 years or older to carry a concealed handgun without a permit. Governor Pillen was joined by the bill introducer Sen. Tom Brewer and state senators.

 “Signing this bill upholds the promise I made to voters to protect our constitutional rights and promote commonsense, conservative values,” said Governor Pillen. “I appreciate the hard work of those senators who supported this legislation, and particularly that of Sen. Brewer who led this charge and carried it through to the end.”

 “Nebraskans should not have to pay the government a fee or ask permission for constitutional rights,” said Senator Brewer. “This bill finally delivers on the promises in Nebraska and United States constitutions. I am proud to help Nebraska join twenty-six of our sister states in removing this obstacle to the right to keep and bear arms.”

 A video of the bill signing can be found here and photos are below.

 

Today, May  9

1540 – Hernando de Alarcón sets sail from Acapulco with 2 ships, the San Pedro, and the Santa Catalina, later joined by the San Gabriel at St. Jago de Buena Esperanza, in Colima, to travel up the Gulf of California, explore the Baja California Peninsula and contact and resupply the overland expedition by Francisco Vázquez de Coronado.

1865 – Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest surrenders his forces at Gainesville, Alabama.

1926 – Admiral Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett fly over the North Pole.

1941 – The German submarine U-110 is captured by the Royal Navy. On board is the latest Enigma machine which Allied cryptographers later use to break coded German messages.

1955 – 4 Days after having its sovereignty returned and recognized by France, Britain and the United States, West Germany joins the NATO alliance.

1960 – The Food and Drug Administration announces it will approve birth control as an additional indication for Searle’s Enovid, making Enovid the world’s first approved oral contraceptive.

1974 – The House Committee on the Judiciary opens formal and public impeachment hearings against President Richard Nixon.

1979 – Iranian Jewish businessman Habib Elghanian is executed by firing squad in Tehran by the shiite moslem theocratic government, prompting the mass exodus of the Jewish community in Iran.

1980 – The Liberian freighter MV Summit Venture collides with the Sunshine Skyway Bridge over Tampa Bay, causing a 1,400 foot long section of the southbound span collapse. 6 cars and a Greyhound bus fall 150 ft. into the water killing 35 people in the vehicles.
In Norco, California, 5 masked gunmen hold up a Security Pacific bank, leading to a violent shoot out and one of the largest pursuits in California history. 2 of the gunmen and 1 police officer are killed and 33 police and civilian vehicles are destroyed in the chase.

2002 – A 38 day long stand off in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem comes to an end when the Palestinians inside agree to have 13 suspected terrorists among them deported to several different countries.

2020 – The COVID-19 recession causes the U.S. unemployment rate to hit 14.9 percent, its worst rate since the Great Depression.

2022 – President Joe Biden signs the 2022 Lend-Lease Act into law, a rebooted World War II era policy expediting American equipment to Ukraine and other Eastern European countries.

Gavin Newsom tries anti-gun attack that backfires

California Gov. Gavin Newsom will probably run for president someday. I wouldn’t be surprised to see President Joe Biden decide to replace Vice President Kamala Harris with Newsom–it would keep California locked up electorally and Harris is…well, she’s just bad all around.

For now, though, Newsom is content to just act like an idiot when and where he can.

And that’s what he did when he went on the attack following the shooting in Allen, TX.

California Gov. Gavin Newsom immediately criticized the Republican controlled Congress after a deadly mass shooting at a mall in suburban Dallas, Texas killed at least 8 and injured 7 others on Saturday afternoon, slamming Congress for not passing gun control reform.

“This is freedom?? To be shot at a mall? Shot at school? Shot at church? Shot at the movies?” the Democrat governor wrote in a Twitter post shortly after police confirmed the causalities. “We have become a nation that is more focused on the right to kill than the right to live.”

Oh, sick burn.

Except, of course, it’s total male bovine excrement.

I challenge Gov. Newsom to show me one place in the United States that actually has a “right to kill.”

Sure, many have taken steps to preserve the right to self-defense, but that’s fundamentally different. Even Newsom will acknowledge–publicly, at least–that you have a right to defend yourself if you find yourself being threatened.

That’s not “the right to kill.”

So where is it, Newsom? Where is this “right to kill” that Congress is supposedly so focused on?

Nowhere. That’s where it is. At least, not with a firearm.

California, however, wants to be an abortion mecca for people who feel like they can’t get one in their home state. For a lot of people, that sure looks like California and Newsom are worried about an actual “right to kill.”

There’s also California’s euthanasia law that allows anyone who has lived in the state for six months to get assisted suicide–another thing that sure looks like killing to a lot of other folks.

In other words, a case can easily be made that Newsom’s California is one of the few places that actually does have a right to kill.

The truth of the matter is that no matter what gun control you pass, there will be a potential for mass shootings. I reported on three from Europe just recently, including two in Serbia just days apart. Another was in Portugal.

Those three were within the span of a week, folks, and there is no nation in Europe that is particularly gun friendly. Not by American standards, anyway.

Newsom and people like him would do well to stop focusing on the guns and start looking at what we can do that might actually work.

That’s not going to happen, though. It’s not going to happen because Newsom wants to square up his anti-gun credentials prior to his presidential run, whenever that actually happens.

The thing is, I don’t think that will work the way he intends.

Vermont Gun Bill Creating 72-Hour Waiting Period Passes

The Vermont Legislature on Friday passed a bill that requires a 72-hour waiting period for the purchase of guns and includes other provisions aimed at reducing suicides and community violence.

The Vermont House concurred with a Senate amendment by a vote of 106 to 34. But Republican Gov. Phil Scott “has significant concerns about the constitutionality of the waiting period provision,” his spokesman Jason Maulucci said Friday.

The legislation also creates a crime of negligent firearms storage and expands the state’s extreme risk protection orders so that a state’s attorney, the attorney general’s office or a family or household member may ask a court to prohibit a person from purchasing, possessing or receiving a dangerous weapon.

Supporters say it’s time to take action against gun violence and the rate of suicide in Vermont, which is higher than the national rate.

Opponents say the bill violates the Second Amendment of the Constitution.

Per Heller and the Bruen Standard, it mostr certainly does

According to the bill, more than 700 Vermonters died of gunshots from 2011 to 2020 and 88% of those deaths were suicides. In 2021, the state’s suicide rate was 20.3 per 100,000 people, compared to a national rate of 14 per 100,000, the bill states. Children in a home with a firearm are more than four times more likely to die by suicide than those in a home without one, the legislature states.

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These are semi automatic “assault rifles”, although the term is made up, this is what the left wants to take. I actually don’t care what you call them, at all, as long as you don’t call them “modern sporting rifles”. That term is a pathetic attempt at the gun movement trying to placate the left.

I dont own these rifles for sport, I don’t hunt with either of these rifles although I could. Both of these rifles are owned because they’re effective against two legged predators at varying distances. I own these rifles in case someone or a group of people intend to kill me or my loved ones. These rifles are owned specifically to defend myself against humans.

Let’s not mince words. Every attempt at banning them only makes me buy more and more. No legislation will make me give them to you, no tragedy will ever make me anti gun. Each shooting I see in the news makes me want to buy more and train harder to be more effective against the evil in this world.

These guns don’t make me a psychopathic killer. I’m not a violent person but I’m also not an idiot who believes the world is a safe place. As the world gets increasingly more dangerous I look for better and better tools to defend myself and my family. As the government gets more corrupt and the economy crashes I hedge my bets with effective self defense tools and the skillset to effectively deploy them.

My guns aren’t a threat to anyone that isn’t trying to kill me. So you can cry, you can protest and you can even legislate, these are mine and you’ll never get them. They’re absolutely no danger to you unless you’re someone who means me harm and tries to kill me. How many people need to die before I turn in my guns? There isn’t an amount. What do my guns have to do with shooting rates in this country? Do you advocate chopping off your penis to help prevent others from raping?

Tweet away, vote away, protest and cry. They’re still mine.

‘What is citizenship worth if you can get better benefits by being illegally here?’

Campus Reform higher ed fellow Nicholas Giordano joined Fox Business‘ Maria Bartiromo to discuss a recently announced spending package in Boston that includes funding for illegal migrants to go to college.

“Americans are facing the highest inflation in forty years, you have food cost at all time highs, you have people struggling to pay bills, students parents taking on enormous debt burdens and officials are looking to provide illegal immigrants with college tuition,” said Giordano

The illegal immigrant funding provision comes as the latest part of a trend where states and municipalities are showing increasing interest in these spending programs.

“The biggest problems is we see these programs expand, so its not just Boston. New York City Mayor Eric Adams also announced a similar program where he wanted to take it statewide, and he was working with Gov. Hochul to do this,” he added.

Allen shooting survivor recalls gunfire, says store associate died ‘trying to save us’

ALLEN (CBSNewsTexas.com) — After taking an impromptu shopping trip to the Allen Premium Outlets Saturday afternoon, Racquel Lee soon found herself stuck in a bathroom closet hiding from an active shooter.

Lee said when she pulled up, she parked in front of the outlet’s H&M store—the exact spot 33-year-old Mauricio Garcia would later drive up to and begin shooting.

In an interview with CBS News Texas’ Nicole Baker, Lee shared the moment she and 12 others were gathered by a store associate inside the store’s bathroom closet.

“It sounded like a war zone,” she said. “It was horrifying and it felt like you were in a dream.”

Lee explained they were trying not to be heard crying and praying in fear the gunman would find them. She said people were also trying to call 911 but that they couldn’t dial out.

“I remember thinking that he’s coming in here next, and I was hoping we didn’t get hit by a bullet,” Lee said. “Then the store associate saved our lives.”

8 May

589 – Reccared I King of Hispania and Septimania, opens the 3rd Council of Toledo, marking the entry of Visigothic Spain into the Church.

1429 – Joan of Arc lifts the Siege of Orléans by the English, turning the tide of the Hundred Years’ War for the French.

1541 – On his travel of exploration, Conquistador Hernando de Soto stops near present day Walls, Mississippi before making the first documented crossing of the Mississippi River by a European.

1639 – William Coddington, a magistrate of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, leaves Boston due to a religious controversy, and founds Newport, Rhode Island.

1846 –  American forces led by Zachary Taylor defeat a Mexican force north of the Rio Grande in the first major battle of the Mexican–American War.

1877 – At Gilmore’s Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show opens.

1886 – Pharmacist John Pemberton introduces a carbonated beverage named “Coca-Cola” as a patent medicine “…to ease ailments such as dyspepsia, headache, impotence, and morphine addiction.”

1912 – Famous Players Film Company  (later Paramount Pictures)  is founded by Adolph Zukor, Daniel Frohman and Charles Frohman in New York City.

1927 – Attempting to make the first non stop transatlantic flight from Paris to New York, French war heroes Charles Nungesser and François Coli disappear after taking off piloting a Levasseur PL.8-01 biplane L’Oiseau Blanc from Le Bourget Field in Paris.

1942 – The Battle of the Coral Sea during World War II comes to an end with Japanese Navy carrier aircraft attacking and sinking the U.S. Navy carrier USS Lexington.

1945 – VE – Victory in Europe DAY. Under terms of the surrender by Germany, the order for “all German military, naval and air authorities and to all forces under German control to cease active operations” takes effect.

1973 – A 71 day standoff between federal authorities and the American Indian Movement members occupying the Pine Ridge Reservation at Wounded Knee, South Dakota ends with the surrender of the militants.

1978 – Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler make the first ascent of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen.

1980 – After the last naturally occurring case of smallpox was diagnosed in 1977, the World Health Organization announces the eradication of the disease.

1988 – A fire at Illinois Bell’s Hinsdale Central Office triggers an extended 1AESS switch network outage, knocking out service to over 40,000 customers for 2 weeks.